A Virtual Physiologic al Human Model fo r Regional Anae sthesia

Current methods for teaching regional anaesthesia (RA) do not consider patient-specific anatomy and therefore have limited capabilities. Developing a virtual reality based simulator and assistant device for training and performing RA requires virtual physiological human (VPH) models. Commercial models such as Zygote and Anatomium are insufficient due to inconsistency, lack of anatomical correctness, and missing structures like the fascia. We collected a variety of imaging data including individual computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to build a VPH model that is composed of anatomical structures, physical properties such as needle resistance, and functional features (vessel bending in pulse frequency). The model is applied for RA simulation and assistance.