Primary Total Shoulder Arthroplasty in the Setting of a Benign Enchondroma

Benign bone tumors are noncancerous but still have potential to cause symptoms by compressing on surrounding tissues. 4 Hakim D.N. Pelly T. Kulendran M. Caris J.A. Benign tumours of the bone: a review. J Bone Oncol. 2015; 4: 37-41https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbo.2015.02.001 Crossref PubMed Scopus (131) Google Scholar Enchondromas constitute one type of benign bone tumor and are commonly found in short tubular bones, although they can also be present in long bones. 10 Marco R.A. Gitelis S. Brebach G.T. Healey J.H. Cartilage tumors: evaluation and treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2000; 8: 292-304 Crossref PubMed Scopus (99) Google Scholar It is often difficult to differentiate these benign tumors from chondrosarcomas, which are malignant in nature. Diagnostic imaging, including radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography scans, as well as subjective symptomatology can help differentiate these types of bone tumor. Enchondromas are regularly found in the humerus, femur, or tibia and are the second most common benign, cartilaginous tumor. 10 Marco R.A. Gitelis S. Brebach G.T. Healey J.H. Cartilage tumors: evaluation and treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2000; 8: 292-304 Crossref PubMed Scopus (99) Google Scholar ,11 McLaughlin R.J. Watts C.D. Rock M.G. Sperling J.W. Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in a patient with osteogenesis imperfecta type I complicated by a proximal humeral enchondroma: a case report and review of the literature. JSES Open Access. 2017; 1: 119-123https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jses.2017.03.012 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (2) Google Scholar However, these tumors are often asymptomatic and therefore may be even more common than previously thought. A study involving 477 magnetic resonance imaging scans of shoulders found enchondromas present in 2.1% of patients, with most detected in the humerus, and it was concluded that shoulder enchondromas were the most common bony abnormality. 7 Hong E.D. Carrino J.A. Weber K.L. Fayad L.M. Prevalence of shoulder enchondromas on routine MR imaging. Clin Imag. 2011; 35: 378-384https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinimag.2010.10.012 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (46) Google Scholar