An Abiotic Stress Responsive U-Box E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Is Involved in OsGI-Mediating Diurnal Rhythm Regulating Mechanism.

The plant U-box (PUB) protein is the E3 ligase that plays roles in the degradation or post-translational modification of target proteins. In rice, 77 U-box proteins were identified and divided into eight classes according to the domain configuration. We performed a phylogenomic analysis by integrating microarray expression data under abiotic stress to the phylogenetic tree context. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) expression analyses identified that eight, twelve, and eightPUBfamily genes are associated with responses to drought, salinity, and cold stress, respectively. In total, 16 genes showed increased expression in response to three abiotic stresses. Among them, the expression ofOsPUB2in class II andOsPUB33,OsPUB39, andOsPUB41in class III increased in all three abiotic stresses, indicating their involvement in multiple abiotic stress regulation. In addition, we identified the circadian rhythmic expression for three out of 16 genes responding to abiotic stress through meta-microarray expression data analysis. Among them, OsPUB4 is predicted to be involved in the rice GIGANTEA (OsGI)-mediating diurnal rhythm regulating mechanism. In the last, we constructed predicted protein-protein interaction networks associated with OsPUB4 and OsGI. Our analysis provides essential information to improve environmental stress tolerance mediated by the PUB family members in rice.