AtCIPK16 Mediates Salt Stress Through Phytohormones and Transcription Factors

Soil salinity causes large productivity losses for agriculture worldwide. “Next-generation crops” that can tolerate salt stress are required for the sustainability of global food production. Previous research in aimed at uncovering novel factors underpinning improved plant salinity tolerance identified the protein kinase AtCIPK16. Overexpression of enhanced shoot Na exclusion and increased biomass in both Arabidopsis and barley. Here, a comparative transcriptomic study on Arabidopsis lines expressing was conducted in the presence and absence of salt stress, using an RNA-Seq approach, complemented by AtCIPK16 interaction and localisation studies. We are now able to provide evidence for AtCIPK16 activity in the nucleus. Moreover, the results manifest the involvement of a transcription factor, AtTZF1, phytohormones and the ability to quickly reach homeostasis as components important for improving salinity tolerance in transgenics overexpressing . Furthermore, we suggest the possibility of both biotic and abiotic tolerance through AtCIPK16, and propose a model for the salt tolerance pathway elicited through AtCIPK16.