Resolving and Analyzing Landfast Ice Deformation by InSAR Technology Combined with Sentinel-1A Ascending and Descending Orbits Data.

Detailed mapping of landfast ice deformation can be used to characterize the rheological behavior of landfast ice effectively and to improve sea ice modeling subsequently. In order to analyze the characteristics, trends and causes of deformation comprehensively and accurately, the Sentinel-1A ascending and descending orbits data were used to detect the horizontal and vertical deformation of the fast ice in the Baltic Sea. Firstly, the fast ice edge lines were acquired through feature extraction with interferometric coherence images and SAR amplitude images. Then, the deformation transformed model was constructed according to the geometric relationship of multi-orbits deformation measurements. Finally, the landfast ice deformations were resolved and the horizontal and vertical deformations were obtained. The results showed that the maximum deformation was-44 cm in horizontal direction and 16 cm in vertical direction within the fast ice region of 960 km2 during the time from 2 to 16 February 2018. The southwest wind was the principal reason for the deformation, which made the deformation mainly occur in the horizontal direction from east to west. Moreover, the inner fast ice kept stable due to the protection of outer consolidated ice. The results showed that the deformation trend and characteristics can be better understood by using InSAR technology that was combined with multi-orbits SAR data to resolve and analyze the landfast ice deformation.