Effects of small aggregates of mature tree retention on adjacent planted coastal Douglas-fir growth and survival
Forest Ecology and Management（2021）
摘要
•Most effects of aggregates on planted-tree height and diameter were limited to about 10 m from the edge.•Growth reductions in the harvest area were greater on N- than on S-facing transects.•Survival was unaffected beyond 5 m of the edge and was lowest on S-facing edges.
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关键词
Edge effects,Variable retention,Aggregated retention,Forest influence,Nonlinear mixed-effects,Survival analysis,Cox proportional hazards,Cox regression
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