Tumor-infiltrating B cells and T cells correlate with postoperative prognosis in triple-negative carcinoma of the breast

Background In this study, we investigated CD20+ TILs in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and their relationship with T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+, CD8+, CD25+, and FOXP3+), including their combined prognostic value using an immunohistochemical staining method. Methods We investigated 107 patients with TNBC for whom a full-face section stained by hematoxylin and eosin between 2006 and 2018 at Dokkyo Medical University Hospital was available. Results The strongest association of infiltrating CD20+ TILs was with CD4+ TILs. There was a significant relationship between CD20+ and CD4+ TILs ( r = 0.177; p < 0.001), CD8+ TILs ( r = 0.085; p = 0.002), and FOXP3+ TILs ( r = 0.0043; p = 0.032). No significant relationships were observed between the CD20+ and CD25+ TILs ( r = 0.012; p = 0.264). Multivariate analysis revealed that only the CD20+/FOXP3 ratio was an independent factor for relapse-free survival ( p < 0.001) and overall survival ( p < 0.001). Patients with tumors highly infiltrated by CD4+, CD8+, and CD20+ TILs had a good prognosis. In contrast, those with tumors weakly infiltrated by CD20+ TILs but highly infiltrated by CD25+ and FOXP3+ TILs had a poor prognosis. Conclusions CD20+ TILs may support an increase in CD4+ and CD8+ TILs, which altered the anti-tumor response, resulting in a positive prognosis. CD20+ TILs correlated with FOXP3+ Treg lymphocytes, which were reported to be correlated with a poor prognosis. Our study suggested that TIL-B cells have dual and conflicting roles in TIL-T immune reactions in TNBC.