The changes in growth parameters, qualities, and chemical constituents of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) cultivated in three different hydroponic systems

•Hydroponics can produce uniform lemon balm (LB) yields for industrialization.•The artificial soil-bed, perlite, and aeroponic were applied for hydroponics.•Different types of hydroponic system altered LB growth and metabolite contents.•The presence of soil-bed highly affected chemical compound profiling of LB.•Methyl rosmarinate content was increased about six times in soilless conditions.