New Insights Into Calculations of AC Interference at Fundamental and Harmonic Frequencies Taking Account of the Phase Relationships of the Currents

Electromagnetic interference to pipelines and railways from AC sources has long been a cause for concern. Methods and standards have evolved to enable calculations of the voltages produced under different conditions. These take into account the AC frequency, the soil resistivity and the pipeline characteristics. However, the approximations presented in some standards fail to take into account the ...