Clinical Spectrum of Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Objectives To compare the clinical profile, treatment, and outcomes of PCR-positive and PCR-negative antibody-positive critically ill children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). Methods This retrospective observational study was done at a tertiary care coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pediatric intensive care unit in India. The baseline characteristics, clinical profile, treatment, and outcomes in seventeen critically ill children diagnosed with MIS-C were analyzed from 1 July to 31 October, 2020. Results Sixteen out of 17 children presented with hypotensive shock and respiratory distress. Mean (SD) age of PCR-negative antibody-positive and PCR-positive children was 11 (4.4) and 5 (3.7) years, respectively ( P =0.007). The former group had significantly higher mean (SD) D-dimer levels [16,651 (14859) ng/mL vs 3082 (2591) ng/mL; P =0.02]. All received intensive care management and steroid therapy; 7 children received intravenous immunoglobulin. 14 children survived and 3 died. Conclusions The outcome of children with MIS-C was good if recognized early and received intensive care.