Coronary Sinus Lead Placement in Patients With Coronary Sinus Ostial Atresia: An Innovative Approach
JACC: Case Reports(2021)
摘要
This case series demonstrates 2 innovative approaches to successful coronary sinus lead placement in the setting of coronary sinus ostial atresia. Use of venous phase coronary angiography, a computed tomography scan with venous phase, or a left-sided upper extremity venogram may help reveal a variant anatomy and guide tool selection. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.)
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关键词
biventricular pacemaker,coronary sinus lead,coronary sinus ostial atresia,left persistent superior vena cava
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