Non coronary applications of cardiac computed tomography: A review

Acquired heart diseases including valvular pathologies and conduction abnormalities, along with coronary artery disease make cardiovascular disease one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Advances in cardiac computed tomography (CCT) have led to markedly improved image quality for assessment of several coronary and noncoronary cardiac abnormalities. With the latest versions of CT scanners, image acquisition can be completed within a few seconds, in a single breath hold and with much less radiation exposure, thus making CT an even more attractive diagnostic tool with its high temporal and excellent spatial resolution. Additional advantages are its noninvasive nature, wide availability, fast image acquisition and ability to provide additional data about the cardiac structure, function, valvular motion, and presence or absence of valvular vegetation, mass or intracardiac thrombus. These factors can result in change in management in many valvular pathologies pre- and post-intervention, and in electrophysiological procedures. The goal of this article is to review applications of cardiac CT in non-coronary indications including valvular assessment, pulmonary vein isolation procedure, and left atrial appendage evaluation for its transcatheter occlusion.