Fabricating functional circuits on 3D freeform surfaces via intense pulsed light-induced zinc mass transfer

Fabrication of transient functional sensing circuits on a 3D freeform surface is achieved through a direct intense pulsed light-induced mass transport of zinc nanoparticles. Replacing the zinc layer with silver and copper through a single replacement reaction followed by a photonic sintering process can convert the transient circuits into long-lasting devices.