Strongyloides genotyping: a review of methods and application in public health and population genetics

•A comprehensive summary of Strongyloides genotyping studies to date is provided.•Host specificity, reproduction pattern and phylogeny may be elucidated by genotyping.•Former and current approaches to the genotyping of Strongyloides spp. are reviewed.•Genotyping has improved our understanding of Strongyloides population genetics.•Insights arising about the role of dogs as potential reservoirs of human Strongyloides stercoralis infection are discussed.