Prevalence Of Renal Impairment Among Hiv Positive Patients Hospitalized In The First Hospital Of China Medical University

Background: HIV positive patients are at high risk of kidney disease, end-stage renal disease and renal death. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of renal impairment among HIV positive patients hospitalized in The First Hospital of China Medical University. Methods: We did a retrospective study of in-patient samples of Chinese HIV positive patients. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by creatinine and cystatin C based Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPIscr-cys) equation. Urine protein was measured by spot urine dipstick examination, and urine protein >= 1+ was defined as proteinuria. Risk factors for renal impairment were assessed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: In total, 306 patients were included in this study. There were 15 female and 291 male patients. The mean age was 39.91 +/- 11.63 years. The weight was 59.69 +/- 10.67 kg. The mean CD4 T cell count was 101.47 +/- 163.76/mu l (median: 37/mu l and range: 1-1428/mu l). The mean eGFR CKD-EPIscr-cys was 97.58 +/- 19.68 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Ten (3.26%) patients had eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2), nine (2.94%) patients had proteinuria >= 1+ and 2 patients had both eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) and proteinuria >= 1+. Using multivariate regression analysis, renal impairment was significantly correlated with age (OR 2.294, 95% CI 1.490-3.533, P=0.000) and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) (OR 0.173, 95% CI 0.036-0.838, P=0.029). Conclusions: The prevalence of renal impairment among Chinese hospitalized HIV positive patients was 5.56% (17/306). Older age was a risk factor for renal impairment and HAART showed a beneficial effect on renal function.