Green Synthesis, Characterization and In Vivo Evaluation of White Tea Silver Nanoparticles with 5-Fluorouracil on Colorectal Cancer

White tea (WT) has the highest amount of catechin which previously was found to enhance anti-cancer activity. To enhance the bioavailability of WT, silver nanoparticle (AgNP) was used to synthesize WT nanoparticle (WTNP). This present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of WTNP alone and co-administered with 5FU in the prophylactic study. WTNP was characterized by UV–Vis spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and tested for their acute toxicity. In animal studies, all groups except the naïve group were given once a week 65 mg/kg of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) subcutaneously, intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg 5FU and daily administration of DMH 50 mg/kg WT and 5FU WTNPs. Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and histology were determined and analysed. WTNP showed circular and pseudospherical shaped and 25–50 nm size range with no acute toxicity observed on rats. The DMH group was the highest in average ACF count (37.3 ± 3.18), which ACF was shown to decrease using the treatment, WT group (16.67 ± 3.28), 5FU monotherapy (5.67 ± 2.19) and WTFU (6.33 ± 1.33). The highest AC frequency was found at the DMH group (24.67 ± 1.20, 12.67 ± 1.45) compared to other groups. The chemo-suppressive effect of WTNP and WTFU combined effects was observed in the present study. WTNP expresses anti-cancer properties; however, it does not produce any synergistic effect.