Fecal Microbiota Profiling Of Patients Treated With Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab For Muscle Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma

You have accessJournal of UrologyBladder Cancer: Basic Research & Pathophysiology II (PD42)1 Sep 2021PD42-05 FECAL MICROBIOTA PROFILING OF PATIENTS TREATED WITH NEOADJUVANT PEMBROLIZUMAB FOR MUSCLE INVASIVE UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA Filippo Pederzoli, Irene Locatelli, Michela Riba, Marco Bandini, Daniele Raggi, Laura Marandino, Elisa Alchera, Patrizia Giannatempo, Paolo Provero, Dejan Lazarevic, Roberta Lucianò, Andrea Gallina, Alberto Briganti, Francesco Montorsi, Andrea Salonia, Andrea Necchi, and Massimo Alfano Filippo PederzoliFilippo Pederzoli More articles by this author , Irene LocatelliIrene Locatelli More articles by this author , Michela RibaMichela Riba More articles by this author , Marco BandiniMarco Bandini More articles by this author , Daniele RaggiDaniele Raggi More articles by this author , Laura MarandinoLaura Marandino More articles by this author , Elisa AlcheraElisa Alchera More articles by this author , Patrizia GiannatempoPatrizia Giannatempo More articles by this author , Paolo ProveroPaolo Provero More articles by this author , Dejan LazarevicDejan Lazarevic More articles by this author , Roberta LucianòRoberta Lucianò More articles by this author , Andrea GallinaAndrea Gallina More articles by this author , Alberto BrigantiAlberto Briganti More articles by this author , Francesco MontorsiFrancesco Montorsi More articles by this author , Andrea SaloniaAndrea Salonia More articles by this author , Andrea NecchiAndrea Necchi More articles by this author , and Massimo AlfanoMassimo Alfano More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002056.05AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Immunotherapy (IO) by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is effective in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) and showed promising activity in muscle-invasive and non-muscle invasive UC of the bladder. Among the potential determinants of IO efficacy, the immunomodulatory effect played by the gut microbiota has been increasingly studied, to the point that microbial “signatures” associated with response to therapy have been described. In our study, we aimed to study the fecal microbiota in patients undergoing neoadjuvant IO for muscle-invasive UC. METHODS: Pre-IO stool specimens were available for analysis from 42 patients enrolled in the PURE-01 trial (NCT02736266), testing 3x200mg flat-dose pembrolizumab every 21 days before radical cystectomy (RC). 16s sequencing and analysis were performed using standardized protocols, using mock communities and DNA standards (ZymoBIOMICS) to control for potential extraction and sequencing contaminations. Complete response (CR) to neoadjuvant IO was defined as ypT0N0 in RC specimens, while partial response (PR) was defined as