Synthesized Phytomolecular Hybrids as Natural Interventions to Manage Hyperlipidemia and to Ameliorate Diabetes in Streptozotocin Induced Mice

Diabetes mellitus had emerged as a metabolic menace which leads to the development of dyslipidemia, myocardial infarction, coronary artery diseases, obesity and hypertension. These are critical hallmarks for severe metabolic disorders owing to lack of proper balance between the energy intake and energy consumed. Previously, various potent biomarkers were investigated for their remarked potential against diabetes as well as hyperlipidemia. With this contextual, we synthesized different phytomolecular hybrids from the known potent biomarkers lupeol, beta-sitosterol, ursolic acid, gallic acid and cinnamic acid by esterification with dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide as a coupling reagent and 4-dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst. The compounds were purified using column chromatography and identified by mass spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy (H-1 and C-13).Through in vitro screening by alpha-amylase assay and antioxidant assay, PMH1, PMH2 and PMH4 were found as effective phytomolecular hybrid compounds that displayed potential anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic as well as anti-oxidant properties. Amongst them, PMH4 prevailed in inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation. Our findings showed significant antidiabetic (STZ model in rats), antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant outcomes by PMH4. Synthesized phytomolecular hybrids with known potent biomarkers can be an effective strategy to design new interventions with effective bioactivity to elicit prominent in vivo performance.