Uterine Rupture-Risk Factors And Pregnancy Outcome In Bundelkhand Region

BACKGROUNDUterine rupture is defined as the tearing of the muscular wall of the uterus during pregnancy or labour.1 Often it occurs from the tearing of previous caesarean scar during labour.2 The other known risk factors for uterine rupture include, maternal age, height, body mass index (BMI), education, birth weight, gestational age, induction of labour, instrumental vaginal delivery, interpregnancy interval, congenital uterine anomaly, grand multiparity, previous uterine surgery, fetal macrosomia, fetal malposition, obstructed labour, uterine instrumentation, attempted forceps delivery, external version, and uterine trauma.2-6This study was done to find out the prevailing risk factors associated with this grave condition in Bundelkhand region, so that mortality and morbidity associated with it could be prevented.METHODSWe have studied 37 cases of uterine rupture, operated in our institution from Jan. 2018 to Oct. 2019. During this period a total of 2986 Caesarean sections (CS) were performed. Of these 37 cases, 5 were Nullipara (13.51 %), 16 primipara (31.25 %) and 16 were grand multipara (31.25 %). 24 cases (64.86 %) had previous uterine scar while 13 (35.13 %) had no scar.RESULTSIn our study major risk factors for uterine rupture were found to be previous scars (64.68 %). Obstructive labour (23.07 %), malpresentation (7.69 %), grand multiparity (38.46 %) and prolong labour (30.76 %), were responsible for rupture in unscarred uterus. In all cases we first tried to repair the tear and only 9 (24.32 %) needed hysterectomy. In our study 28 patients (75.67 %) required only repair whereas 24.32 % cases needed hysterectomy. Maternal death was just 1 case (2.7 %) and (51.35 %) babies survived.CONCLUSIONSMajority of uterine rupture cases were found in women who had previous CS. So, first CS should be performed after very careful understanding of its indications. 2.7 % maternal mortality and 51.35 % delivery of live birth babies in our study proves that early detection and proper managing of the case can reduce maternal and fetal mortality in uterine rupture cases.