Sesquiterpenoids from the rhizomes of Atractylodes macrocephala and their protection against lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in microglia BV-2 cells

•Eight new sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala.•Three pairs of enantiomers formed a complete stereoisomer library.•Twelve X-ray crystallographic data confirmed the relative and absolute configurations.•Compounds 4 and 6 exhibited potential anti-neuroinflammatory.