A Study on the Serum Adiponectin and Lipid Profile Levels in Type 2 Diabetes

Introduction: Adiponectin (Ad) is one of the main cytokines produced by adipose tissue. Low serum adiponectin levels were associated with atherogenic lipoproteins (elevated triglycerides, small dense LDL cholesterol, and low HDL cholesterol), increased plaque volume, suggesting an antiatherogenic role in the early stages of lesion development and coronary artery disease. Some studies reported antiatherogenic properties of adiponectin showed an increase in circulating levels of adiponectin in cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to find out the association of serum adiponectin with lipid profile levels in type 2 diabetic patients. Material and methods: 100 controls and 100 type 2 diabetic patients on oral hypoglycemic drugs between 35-55 years of age without any cardiac, renal, liver, and thyroid dysfunction were selected for this study. Baseline investigations, blood sugar, HbA1C, lipid profile parameters were assessed by standardized procedures and adiponectin levels were analyzed by the ELISA method. Results: Serum Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL cholesterol levels were increased in type 2 diabetic patients compared with controls. Serum adiponectin level was found to be low which showed a significant negative correlation with HbA1C (r = 0.775, P < 0.001). We also observed negative correlation of serum adiponectin with total cholesterol (r = 0.449, P <0.001), triglycerides (r = -0.632, P <0.001), LDL cholesterol (r = 0.299, P<0.001) and positive correlation with HDL -cholesterol (r= 0.176, P <0.001) . Conclusion: Serum Adiponectin level was significantly low in type 2 diabetics and associated with borderline dyslipidemia in our study. Further longitudinal studies are needed to find out the role of adiponectin as an early marker of atherosclerosis.