A review of the pre-chamber ignition system applied on future low-carbon spark ignition engines

Legislations for greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions from light-duty vehicles are pushing the spark ignition engine to be cleaner and more efficient. As one of the promising solutions, enhancing the ignition energy shows great potential in simultaneously mitigating combustion knock and enabling lean-burn operation. Featured with distributed ignition sites, pre-chamber ignition systems with large or small pre-chamber volumes, auxiliary or no auxiliary fueling, and large or small orifices have gained a surge of interest in decreasing the fuel consumption and pollutant emissions.