Analysis of Structure, Mechanism of Action and Efficacy of Potential and Ideal COVID-19 Treatments

Introduction: Covid-19 has a positive-stranded RNA, which is characterised by protruding spikes that enhance replication. Objective: To offer detailed information on treatment approaches that are applied in preventing Covid-19. Methods: Information was obtained from PubMed and CINAHL. SPSS and Microsoft Excel were used to analyse the data and graph it accordingly. Results: There are many treatments such as chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, RDV, Lopinavir or Ritonavir, and Arbidol combined with Favipiravir. On analysing the structures and mechanisms, RDV indicated better secondary and primary outcomes, including early clearance of the viral load and reduced hospital stay. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were found to be efficacious in vitro; however, their effectiveness in vitro declined due to adverse outcomes. Conclusion: Due to the repurposing of the drugs described, it is important to combine treatments to control Covid-19 while developing vaccines. There is a need for further extensive research on huge samples to establish the efficiency of specific therapies and treatments.