Toxicity characteristics and fire retardant performance of commercially manufactured organic insulation materials for building applications

•The fire resistance performance of five types of organic thermal insulation materials was evaluated.•The fire resistance performance of the insulation was analyzed in various ways.•The hazardous gases emitted during the combustion of the insulation material were quantitatively analyzed.•The fractional effective dose, which makes it the lethal concentration, was analyzed.•The PIR and SPU insulation groups were analyzed for their susceptibility to fire.