Race-ethnic Disparities In Inpatient Insertable Cardiac Monitor Placement After Ischemic Stroke

Background and Purpose: Cryptogenic stroke accounts for 30% of ischemic stroke and in such patients, cardiac monitoring leads to increased detection of AF, increased utilization of anticoagulation, and decreased risk of recurrent stroke. We aim to identify differences in inpatient utilization of implantable cardiac monitors (ICMs) in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: This is an analysis of the National Inpatient Sample. We included all ischemic stroke hospitalizations nation-wide between Jan 1 st 2016 and Dec 31 st 2018. We excluded patients with history of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. We compared survey weighted baseline demographics and characteristics between patients who received an inpatient ICM versus those who didn’t using logistic regression models. Results: We identified a weighted total 1,069,395 patients who met the inclusion criteria; 2.2% received an inpatient ICM. In multivariable analyses, factors associated with decreased odds of inpatient ICM placement including Black race (OR 0.76 95% CI 0.68 - 0.84, p < 0.001), residence in a micropolitan area (OR 0.79 95% CI 0.67 - 0.94, p = 0.008), hospital region [Midwest (OR 0.74 95% CI 0.61 - 0.90, p = 0.002), South (OR 0.68 95% CI 0.57 - 0.81, p < 0.001), and West (OR 0.37 95% CI 0.29 - 0.45, p < 0.001)], hospital bed size [small (OR 0.38 95% CI 0.39-0.46, p < 0.001) and medium hospital bed size (OR 0.73 95% CI 0.63 - 0.84, p < 0.001)], insurance status [Medicaid (OR 0.86 95% CI 0.76 - 0.98, p = 0.02) and self-pay (OR 0.51 95% CI 0.41 - 0.62, p < 0.001)], and non-teaching hospital (OR 0.52 95% CI 0.47 - 0.60, p < 0.001). Conclusions: There are important differences in inpatient ICM placement in patients with ischemic stroke highlighting disparities in inpatient care for patients hospitalized with ischemic stroke. More studies are needed to validate our findings.