Do Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold Stents Reduce Very Late Stent Thrombosis? A Systematic Review

Given the complications caused by stents, especially acute thrombosis, and the late and very late stent thrombosis (VLST) following percutaneous intervention (PCI) in patients, bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BRSs) have been designed in recent years, so that their absorbance over 3 years can help eliminate the complications of non-absorbable scaffolds in the coronary arteries. Nevertheless, some studies have demonstrated their ineffectiveness or even the increased incidence of short-term and late thrombosis compared to drug-eluting stents (DESs). Studies including cohorts and registry studies as well as clinical trials have been conducted to compare these two types of stents in terms of the incidence of VLST over a period of more than 1 year. The present systematic review study investigates randomized clinical trials conducted over the last 10 years to compare the incidence rates of VLST as a result of BRSs versus DESs. A total of 11 articles were found that had investigated VLST in randomized clinical trials, and the results of two of the articles showed an increase in these complications with BRS. Therefore, until further studies are conducted and more acceptable results are obtained, we recommend that these types of stents only be used in cases where they are required according to the standards.