A hybrid GIS-OWA and DANP method for the identification and evaluation of ecotourism attractions: the case study of Abbas Abad Wildlife Refuge, Iran

Identification of capacities for development of ecotourism is an undeniable priority in any country. The aim of this research is to identify and evaluate ecotourism attractions in the Abbas Abad Wildlife Refuge in Isfahan Province, Iran. To reach the aforementioned aim, this study uses integrated GIS-based MCDA and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory methods, as well as DEMATEL-based Analytic Network Process through ordered weighted average methods. Relevant criteria were selected, weighted and prioritized according to the extent and intensity of which they are influenced and their influencing potential, the latter of which was calculated using the DANP method. OWA was then applied to these data, resulting in the creation of five ecotourism maps with different risk levels (degrees of uncertainty). The results show that increasing risk (no trade-off) improved the ecotourism conditions for the entire study area, and decreasing risk (no trade-off) reduced the suitability of the study area for ecotourism. The results are accompanied by a map identifying areas with a high potential for ecotourism, which could assist tourism managers in identifying the conditions that can boost the appeal of ecotourism attractions.