Investigations of Structural, Morphological, Optical and Antimicrobial Behaviour of Bi Doped CdO Nanostructures

The microwave irradiation approach was adapted to prepare bismuth doped Cadmium Oxide nanostructures with varied Bi doping levels (1%, 3%, and 5%). Analytical research was conducted on the impact of Bi doping on the structure, crystallite size, shape, band gap, and antimicrobial behavior of CdO nanostructures. All materials developed polycrystalline and cubic structures with (111), (200), and (311) orientations, according to X-ray diffraction spectra. Particles are homogeneously distributed in SEM pictures, and Bi doping has an effect on the morphology. Additionally, as the level of Bi-doping is increased, grain size reduces from 40 to 20 nm. The TEM micrographs revealed agglomerated spherical shaped particles. With increasing amounts of Bi doping in the CdO nanostructures, the shapes and distribution of particles changed. With increasing Bi doping concentration, the energy band gap shifted from 1.94 to 2.2 eV. The antibacterial activity of pure and Bi doped CdO nanoparticles was tested using the Plate count method. CdO and Bi-CdO nanoparticles were investigated for their size-dependent antibacterial efficacy against G. negative and G. positive microorganisms. 5% of Bi doping level combined with a smaller particle size results in a toxicity of 89% for G. negative pathogens and 78% for G. positive pathogens.