The energy transition, effects with the implementation of electrical substation 4.0, its technologies and sustainability in Brazil

This work aims to evaluate the gains for sustainable development by immersing Industry 4.0 technologies in electric power substations. The methodology presented in the manuscript comprises the description and comparison of traditional technologies and the use of the Industry 4.0 concepts in electrical substations. Besides, the manuscript addresses the gains of the centralized protection and control (CPC) architecture in reducing the number of equipment, carbon steel panels, and other materials. Consequently, reducing the copper cables, impacting lower consumption by energy efficiency, and reducing the emission of CO2 for decarbonization with gains in sustainability. The work concludes that implementing these technologies in electrical substations impacts society and the corporate world, making room for new investment companies that adopt such policies, seeing sustainability not as an expense but as an investment.