Universal triquinoxalinylene (3Q) molecule electrodes for ultrafast and ultrastable Li+ storage

The aqueous rechargeable batteries (ARBs) are puzzled by the limited cycle life owing to the serious side reactions and instability of the anode materials. Herein, we report the ultrastable triquinoxalinylene (3Q) molecule with multiple redox reactions as anode in aqueous Li + electrolytes over a wide pH range, when the dissolution of anode and hydrolysis of water phenomena are suppressed. The discharged product of 3Q-Li shows relatively higher stability than that of 3Q-Li-H through the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Furthermore, the 3Q molecule shows the ultrafast Li (+ )storage performance (133.3 mA h g(-1) at 100 A g(-1)) in the strong alkaline Li + electrolyte. The assembled 3Q//Ni(OH)(2) cell shows the ultrastable performance after 200 k cycles. In addition, the universal generality of 3Q anode is demonstrated in the acidic (MnO2 cathode) and neutral (LiMn2O4 cathode) electrolyte medium. This strategy provides a new route for the design of anode materials in ARBs.