Progress of Regulatory T Cells in the Regulation of Anti-Tuberculosis Immunity

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), as an intracellular parasitic bacterium, invades the human body mainly through droplets, which can lead to multiple organ infection, causing the body to produce T cell-dominated immunity to tuberculosis (TB). Regulatory T cells (Tregs), as a class of T lymphocyte subsets that negatively regulate the immune response of the body, play an important role in regulating immune balance in host anti-tuberculosis immunity. A large number of studies have shown that MTB-specific Tregs affects the occurrence and development of tuberculosis and the efficacy of the vaccine. Therefore, elucidating the role and regulatory mechanism underlying anti-MTB immune response of MTB-specific Tregs will help to further understanding of the decrease of host anti-MTB immune cell function, and provide a basis for the study of immunotherapy of TB. This paper briefly introduces the subtypes and functions of Tregs, and systematically reviews the research progress of Tregs in many fields of TB.