Pharmacological effect of metformin and pioglitazone on visfatin derived from adipocytes in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes

Adipocytes secreate many adipocytokines including visfatin. Many evidence either in direct relation or in in vitro showed that visfatin alters the state of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).To unfold the role of visfatin in response to metformin and pioglitazone we have investigated the lipid profile and levels of visfatin along with its mRNA expression in response to antidiabetic drugs metformin and pioglitazone in vitro adipocytes.Adipocytes were cultured for the estimation of lipid profile and secreted visfatin using ELISA and the response of mRNA visfatin gene expression by the use of metformin hydrochloride and pioglitazone hydrochloride and combination of both.The determination was performed by RT- PCR quantification. Differences were considered significant when P values were ≤0.05 calculated using SPSS software (ver. 19).In Glucose treated adipocytes the lipid profile showed significant change in HDL while highly significant change in other lipoproteins.However,the released level of visfatin also showed significant change in glucose treated adipocytes as compared to normal control adipocytes. No significant change was observed in metformin hydrochloride while pioglitazone hydrochloride showed significant change as concurred by mRNA level estimation. The present report examined whether visfatin is regulated by anti-diabetic drugs metformin and pioglitazone in glucose feed adipocytes mimicking the state of T2DM along with effect of these drugs in secreted lipid profile. Pioglitazone treatment showed highly significant association at higher concentration. Our finding suggest that the treatment with pioglitazone in glucose treated adipocytes could play a role in the regulation of visfatin in adipocytes