The impact of wood dust on pulmonary function and blood immunoglobulin E, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C‐ reactive protein: A cross‐sectional study among sawmill workers in Tangail, Bangladesh

Background and Aims Occupational exposure to wood dust leads to lung function abnormalities that are prominent causes of morbidity and disability of sawmill workers. The adverse respiratory effects of wood dust in sawmills have not been studied thoroughly in Bangladesh. This study aimed to investigate the effect of wood dust on the respiratory health of sawmill workers compared to controls as well as to determine the association of wood dust-exposing effects with inflammatory blood biomarkers, such as immunoglobulin E (IgE), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods This cross-sectional study included 100 sawmill workers from 25 distinct sawmills in various areas of Tangail, Bangladesh as well as 100 healthy volunteers who were adopted as a control group. Questionaries' survey and pulmonary function tests were performed face to face. Furthermore, after performing lung function tests, blood was drawn for further IgE, ESR, and CRP analyses. Results Respiratory symptoms including breathlessness (32%), coughing (39%), sneezing (43%), chest tightness (30%), and itching (40%) were significantly higher in sawmill workers compared with control. Besides, sawmill workers' exposure to wood dust revealed a significantly lower level of spirometry parameters (forced vital capacity [FVC], FVC (%), forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], FEV1 (%), peak expiratory flow [PEF], PEF (%), FEV1/FVC (%), FEF25, FEF75, and FEF2575) compared with control and these spirometry parameters decreased with the increasing length of service. Moreover, a significantly higher level of IgE was observed in sawmill workers (290.90 +/- 39.49) than in the control (120.95 +/- 23.00). The high level of IgE suggests that the lower pulmonary function may be linked to allergic responses to wood dust among sawmill workers. Conclusion This study suggested that exposure to wood dust can cause impairment of respiratory function along with high IgE levels.