Analyses of emission efficiencies of white organic light-emitting diodes having multiple emitters in single emitting layer

Efficient white organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) are highly required in various applications. Yet analyses of light extraction/out-coupling efficiencies of white OLEDs having multiple emitters are much more complicated and difficult than single-emitter monochromatic OLEDs, as ratios of excitons formed on different emitters, different optical (microcavity) effects on emission of different emitters, and effects of emission characteristics (e. g., emitting dipole orientations) of different emitters etc. need to be considered simultaneously. In this work, we report efficient single-emitting-layer white OLEDs adopting blue and orange-red emitters and a systematic and quantitative optical simulation approach taking into account all these factors, for analyzing optical out-coupling efficiencies of single-emitting-layer multiple-emitter white OLEDs. It is believed to be useful for development of efficient white OLEDs.