Nickel Phthalocyanine-Borophene Nanocomposite-Based Electrodes for Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Detection of Glucose

As diabetes has become one of the major health problems affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide, the development of electrochemical sensors for the detection of glucose is crucial. Herein, the fabrication of nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc)-based and NiPc-borophene nanocomposite-based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors for glucose detection at room temperature was demonstrated. The electrical conductivities of NiPc and NiPc-borophene nanocomposite have been measured as 3 × 10− 13 S cm−1 and 9.5 × 10−9 S cm−1, respectively. The electrical conductivity of NiPc has been improved with the addition of borophene. Due to the high charge transport advantages of the borophene additive, the sensor sensitivity and detection limit have been improved. In voltammetric cycle of 60 s for the 1.5–24 mM glucose concentration range, NiPc-based sensor has a sensitivity value of 0.08 µAmM−1 cm−2, while the NiPc-borofen nanocomposite-based sensor has a much higher sensitivity of 10.31 µAmM−1 cm−2. The limit of detection values of the NiPc and NiPc-borophene nanocomposite-based sensors are 3 µM and 0.15 µM, respectively. The borophene nanosheets with good chemical stability and high carrier mobility have been shown to be a good candidate to form nanocomposite structure with NiPc for glucose detection.