Comparative Analysis of the Parasite Fauna of Rana arvalis in the Environmental Gradients of Ural

Rana arvalis Nilss., 1842 parasitocenoses in the gradients of natural and urban Ural landscapes have been analyzed. Twelve helminth species (Platyhelminthes and Nematoda phyla) have been found. It is demonstrated that the differences in the ratio between parasites belonging to different taxa are caused by the differences in the biology of parasite groups and microbiotopic characteristics of the host’s habitat. The transformation of parasitocenoses in the R. arvalis populations of the Middle Ural urbocenosis is associated with a decrease in the parasites species diversity and an increase in the proportion of trematodes. At the end of metamorphosis, the species range of macroparasites with different localization expands and rare helminths species appear, which is associated with the amphibians expanding their food spectrum. Thus, the changes in the species diversity and the structure of parasitic communities of the moor frog are largely associated with thermal and moisture supply and their ratio in certain biocenoses.