Essential Oil and Hydrosol Composition of Immortelle (Helichrysum italicum)

The chemical composition of essential oils and hydrosols of immortelle (Helichrysum italicum) stems with leaves obtained by hydrodistillation was identified using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). One-year-old and two-year-old plants of the same immortelle population, and plants from three Croatian populations, all grown in Slovenia, were included in the study. The main compounds of essential oils of one-year-old and two-year-old plants were alpha-pinene, alpha-eudesmol, and rosifoliol. Among essential oils of the Croatian populations, three dominant components were found: alpha-pinene, geranyl acetate, and 2-phenylethyl tiglate. Both the essential oils and hydrosols of one-year-old plants were more diverse in their compositions than two-year-old plants. The predominant compounds of hydrosols of one- and two-year-old plants were pentan-3-one, 3-octanone, 2,2-dimethylnon-5-en-3-one, and alpha-terpineol, and in the Croatian populations alpha-terpineol, 2,6-octadien-1-ol, 2,2-dimethylnon-5-en-3-one, and alpha-terpineol.