Approach to the Design of a Polarization Maintaining Fiber Electric Field Probe for High Signal-to-Noise Ratio

We propose an approach to elevate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in a microwave electric field sensor system with a polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) probe incorporated with an electro-optic (EO) crystal. The optimal probe parameters were determined to obtain the best SNR based on the suggested approach, which was validated experimentally. Using a newly fabricated PMF probe with parameters close to the optimal design, an SNR improvement of 2.5 dB compared to our previous probe was successfully demonstrated in microwave electric field measurements.