Eclectic Approach in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: an Experience from a Developing Country

Objectives Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental-behavioral disorder having deficits in social communication and social interaction with restricted or repetitive patterns of movements behavior or attitude. ASD must be present in early developmental period but requires management across the lifespan with multidisciplinary approach. The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of eclectic approach in management of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in a developing country. Method A total of 190 children between the ages of 2.6 years to 5 years with diagnosis of ASD were enrolled in the study using purposive sampling technique. These children were provided eclectic therapy with written informed consent from the parents. Childhood autism rating scale and portage guide to early education were administered as baseline tests to assess autism severity and developmental profile respectively. Eclectic approach consisted of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), Occupational Therapy, Social Skills Training, and Parent Training. Eclectic therapy was provided for around 40 h per week for a minimum of 6 months before post assessment was done. Results Paired sample t test showed significant improvement in severity of autism and developmental profile. It was also found that there was a positive correlation between change in autism scores and improved developmental profile. Conclusion Eclectic approach is an effective therapeutic modality in managing children with ASD. Intervention at an earlier age results in better prognosis.