Oncologic and Safety Outcomes for Retrograde and Antegrade Endoscopic Surgeries for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Our analyses suggest promising oncologic results for antegrade endoscopic management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma in terms of rate of recurrence in the bladder and upper urinary tract. However, there is still a lack of evidence on the safety profile of this approach. Retrograde endoscopic surgery appears to be a safe procedure with a minimal risk of any-grade or major complications and acceptable oncologic outcomes.