Simultaneously enhancing the T-d and the thermal stability of the real-time d(33) in BNT-based piezoceramics

One of the inherent disadvantages of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based (BNT-based) piezoceramics is that an increment of the depolarization temperature (T-d) is generally accompanied by a deterioration of the temperature stability of the real-time piezoelectric constant (d(33)), which severely restricts the practical applications of the materials. Herein, we propose a new strategy to mitigate the conflict between the elevation of T-d and the temperature stability of the real-time d(33) in BNT-based ceramics via integrating the pressure-assisted sintering and quenching process. By this strategy, we not only increased the T-d from 109 to 166 degrees C but also improved the temperature stability of the real-time d(33) (the temperature coefficient T-tc = +/- 13 pC/N) in 0.94Bi(0.5)Na(0.5)TiO(3)-0.06BaTiO(3) ceramic. Both the built-in field and the increment of the field-induced R3c phase fraction play the significant role in enhancing the T-d and the temperature stability of the real-time d(33). Thus, our work provides a simple and effective approach for designing piezoceramics with high T-d and a superior temperature stability of the real-time d(33).