Vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron infection and infectiousness within households in the Netherlands between July 2021 and August 2022.
The Journal of infectious diseases(2023)
摘要
Introduction. We aimed to estimate vaccine effectiveness against infection (VE-infection) and infectiousness (VE- infectiousness) in a household setting during Delta and Omicron. Knowing these effects can aid policy makers in deciding which groups to prioritize for vaccination. Methods. Participants with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test were asked about COVID-19 vaccination status and SARS-CoV-2 testing of their household members one month later. VE-infection and VE-infectiousness was estimated using GEE logistic regression adjusting for age and vaccination status, calendar week and household size. Results. 3,409 questionnaires concerning 4,123 household members were included. During the Delta-period, VE-infection of primary series was 47% (95% CI: -27%-78%) and VE-infectiousness of primary series was 70% (95% CI: 28%-87%). During the Omicron-period, VE-infection was -36% (95% CI: -88%-1%) for primary series and -30% (95% CI: -80%-6%) for booster vaccination. The VE-infectiousness was 45% (95% CI: -14%-74%) for primary series and 64% (95% CI: 31%-82%) for booster vaccination. Discussion. Our study shows that COVID-19 vaccination is effective against infection with SARS-CoV-2 Delta and against infectiousness of SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron. Estimation of VE against infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron was limited by several factors. Our results support vaccination for those in close contact with vulnerable people to prevent transmission.
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关键词
COVID-19,SARS-CoV-2,household,transmission,vaccine effectiveness
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