Predictive Modeling of Cracking Behaviors in Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells

Cracking behaviors within perovskite thin films are modeled through finite element analysis (FEA). Coupons of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), indium tin oxide (ITO), and perovskite layers are deformed in three-point bend mode. Modeling gives insight into ranges for the physical properties of each layer due to gaps in literature inputs. The model proves the relationship between perovskite crystal size and its mechanical tolerance. Models with smaller crystals withstand more than 30% further displacement than those with crystals twice their size. A material replacement of ITO, the driving force causing cracking in films, is also modeled, and cracking within the perovskite layer occurred significantly later, showing an improved resilience to bending.