Postbiotics Derived from L. paracasei ET-22 Inhibit the Formation of S. mutans Biofilms and Bioactive Substances: An Analysis.

Globally, dental caries is one of the most common non-communicable diseases for patients of all ages; () is its principal pathogen. () shows excellent anti-pathogens and immune-regulation functions in the host. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of ET-22 on the formation of biofilms. The living bacteria, heat-killed bacteria, and secretions of ET-22 were prepared using the same number of bacteria. In vitro, they were added into artificial-saliva medium, and used to coculture with the . Results showed that the living bacteria and secretions of ET-22 inhibited biofilm-growth, the synthesis of water-soluble polysaccharide and water-insoluble polysaccharide, and virulence-gene-expression levels related to the formation of biofilms. Surprisingly, the heat-killed ET-22, which is a postbiotic, also showed a similar regulation function. Non-targeted metabonomics technology was used to identify multiple potential active-substances in the postbiotics of ET-22 that inhibit the formation of biofilms, including phenyllactic acid, zidovudine monophosphate, and citrulline. In conclusion, live bacteria and its postbiotics of ET-22 all have inhibitory effects on the formation of biofilm. The postbiotics of ET-22 may be a promising biological anticariogenic-agent.