The end of the beginning: progress and next steps in KRAS-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer.

One of the most significant breakthroughs in oncology in recent years is the ability to target KRAS. KRAS is the most commonly mutated oncogene in human cancer, with greatest frequency in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Since the gene's discovery several decades ago it had been considered an undruggable target with many failed clinical trials. The KRAS enzyme is critical for cell growth and survival, remaining inactive when bound to GDP and active when bound to GTP.