Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2, symptom profiles and seroneutralization during the first COVID-19 wave in a suburban area, France

medrxiv(2021)

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摘要
Background The World Health Organisation recommends monitoring the circulation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We aimed to estimate anti–SARS-CoV-2 total immunoglobulin (IgT) antibody seroprevalence and describe symptom profiles and in vitro seroneutralization in Nancy, France, in spring 2020. Methods Individuals were randomly sampled from electoral lists and invited with household members over 5 years old to be tested for anti–SARS-CoV-2 (IgT, i.e. IgA/IgG/IgM) antibodies by ELISA (Bio-rad). Serum samples were classified according to seroneutralization activity >50% (NT50) on Vero CCL-81 cells. Age- and sex-adjusted seroprevalence was estimated. Subgroups were compared by chi-square or Fisher exact test and logistic regression. Results Among 2006 individuals, 43 were SARS-CoV-2–positive; the raw seroprevalence was 2.1% (95% confidence interval 1.5 to 2.9), with adjusted metropolitan and national standardized seroprevalence 2.5% (1.8 to 3.3) and 2.3% (1.7 to 3.1). Seroprevalence was highest for 20-to 34-year-old participants (4.7% [2.3 to 8.4]), within than out of socially deprived area (2.5% vs 1%, P= 0.02) and with than without intra-family infection (p<10−6). Moreover, 25% (23 to 27) of participants presented at least one COVID-19 symptom associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity (p<10−13), with anosmia or ageusia highly discriminant (odds ratio 27.8 [13.9 to 54.5]), associated with dyspnea and fever. Among the SARS-CoV-2-positives, 16.3% (6.8 to 30.7) were asymptomatic. For 31 of these individuals, positive seroneutralization was demonstrated in vitro . Conclusions In this population of very low anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence, a beneficial effect of the lockdown can be assumed, with frequent SARS-CoV-2 seroneutralization among IgT-positive patients. Key Messages Trial registration NCT04448769 ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Clinical Trial NCT04448769 ### Clinical Protocols ### Funding Statement This work was supported by a grant from the Metropole du Grand Nancy, Nancy, France. ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: Ethical approval was obtained (Comite de Protection des Personnes EST III, NANCY, France: ID RCB 2020-A01593-36) on 16 June 2020 and the French Commission for Individual Data Protection and Public Liberties (CNIL) on 19 June 2020. All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes The data for this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author.
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