Photothermally controlled drug release of naproxen-incorporated mungbean starch/PVA biomaterials adding melanin nanoparticles

This study is aimed at preparing functional naproxen (NP)-incorporated biomaterials using mungbean starch, PVA, plasticizers, and melanin (MEL) nanoparticle. The biomaterials were characterized by FT-IR, FE-SEM and TGA. Their physical properties and antibacterial effects were also evaluated. Photothermal effects and NP release behavior were investigated using NIR laser irradiation. Results indicated that when compared to biomaterials without MEL, temperatures of MEL-added biomaterials were increased about 1.40 times when exposed to NIR laser for 30 min. NP release of NP-incorporated biomaterials at various temperatures and pH 5.5 was increased with increasing temperature. Results of NP release using artificial skin confirmed that NP was released continuously for 180 min. When NIR laser was irradiated for 30 min, NP release of MEL-added biomaterials were 3.13 times higher than that of biomaterials without MEL. NP release behavior at pH 5.5 followed a pseudo-Fickian mechanism, whereas it followed a non-Fickian mechanism in artificial skin.