Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of gastric malignancies based on the SEER database

Abstract Introduction: Gastric malignancies are common worldwide, with a high incidence rate and mortality. Relevant studies are needed to further demonstrate the harmfulness of gastric malignancies to improve the awareness of its prevention. Methods: The SEER database was used to obtain the clinical data of 122793 patients diagnosed with gastric malignancies from 2000 to 2019. Along with performing univariate and multivariate analyses, the associated survival rates of each variable were analyzed using SPSS software. Columnar line graph prediction models were developed and validated using R software. Results: In total, 122793 gastric malignancy patients were included in this study, including 74303 males(60.51%) and 48490 females(39.49%). Most patients were aged 60-74 years old: 45603 patients(37.14%). The follow-up time was 0-239 months, the median follow-up time was 11 months, and 91869 patients(74.82%) died. Gastric adenocarcinoma was the main pathological type: 96259 patients(78.39%). The main disease site was the cardia of the stomach: 34019 patients(27.70%); Most patients lived in cities: 109706 patients(89.34%). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that gender, age, tumor size, tumor location, AJCC stage, pathological type, rural/urban, and treatment were independent risk factors for prognosis(P<0.05). The C-index of the nomogram prognostic model was 0.763 ± 0.002, and the areas under the ROC curve of the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 0.76, 0.79 and 0.79,respectively. The calibration curve showed that the predicted survival rate of the nomogram was in good agreement with the observed survival rate. Conclusion: The prognosis of tumors located in the greater curvature of the stomach is relatively good. The patient’s city level is proportional to the prognosis. The prognosis of gastric stromal tumors and gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms is significantly better than that of the other pathological types. The patients who reach the surgical indication should have surgery as early as possible to prolong the survival time.