Prevalence of Extended-spectrum b-lactamase Producing E. coli and Klebsiella spp. Isolated from Buffaloes in Eastern Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) due to emergence and spread of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria are point of discussion in both human as well as in animals across the world as it is one of the latest challenges faced by scientific community. The present study highlighted the prevalence of ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolated from buffaloes in Uttar Pradesh. Methods: Total 240 samples were collected from two district of eastern plain zone of Uttar Pradesh during January 2020 to March 2021. E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates were confirmed by cultural characteristics in selective media and biochemical tests. ESBL producing isolates were confirmed by DDST, ESBL E-strip and PCR analysis using specific primer for (bla-CTX-M-1, bla-CTX-M-2, bla-CTX-M-9, bla-TEM and bla-SHV). Antibiogram of all confirmed ESBL producing isolates was performed against 20 antimicrobials under 12 different classes. Result: In the present study, a total of 147 (61.25%) E. coli and 19 (7.91%) Klebsiella spp. were isolated and identified based on cultural and biochemical characteristics. A total of 104 (62.65%) and 99 (59.63%) isolates were confirmed as ESBL producers using DDST and ESBL E-strip tests respectively. PCR analysis, revealed the presence of selected ESBL genes in 92 (55.42%) isolates, among them bla-CTX-M-1 was found most dominant gene (69.41%) in E. coli and (71.42%) in Klebsiella spp. All the ESBL positive E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates were found to be 99-100% and 86-100% sensitive to chloramphenicol, polypeptides and aminoglycosides classes respectively. Both isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. showed 100% resistance to cefotaxime, cefpodoxime ceftriazone and ampicillin, 76.47% and 71.42% to ceftazidime respectively and 81.52% isolates were found to be MDR.