51P Real-word outcomes of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: A population-based cohort study in Sweden

In a previous study, we reported real-world PD-L1 testing rates, treatment patterns, and outcomes for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the era of immuno-oncology in Sweden. In this follow-up study, with additional patients and 12 more months follow-up, the aim was further investigation with a focus on overall survival (OS) in the Swedish setting. Data were extracted from the Swedish National Lung Cancer Registry for patients with unresectable stage IIIB-IV NSCLC and ECOG performance status (PS) 0–2 who initiated first-line (1L) PD-(L)1-based regimen from Apr 1, 2017 to Jun 30, 2021, with data cutoff Jun 30, 2022. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess OS by histology and by PD-(L) 1 combination therapy (combo) and monotherapy (mono) in patients with ECOG PS 0–1, where index date was defined as the start of 1L therapy. Of 1153 eligible patients, 669 (58%) received PD-(L)1 inhibitor combo and the remaining PD-(L)1 mono. The vast majority of patients treated with PD-(L)1 inhibitors initiated a pembrolizumab-based regimen: 294 (96%) and 62 (97%) initiated a pembrolizumab-based combo and 504 (85%) and 147 (76%) initiated pembrolizumab mono, in patients with nonsquamous and squamous histology, respectively. The table presents baseline demographics and OS data by histology and by type of PD-(L)1 regimen in patients with ECOG PS 0–1. For reference, in patients receiving 1L platinum-based combination regimen with ECOG PS 0–1 in this Registry, median OS was 10.2 and 11.7 months and the 12-month OS rate was 43.7% and 49.9% in patients with nonsquamous and squamous histology, respectively. Table 51PBaseline demographics and OS by histology in patients with ECOG PS 0–1NonsquamousSquamousPD-(L)1 combo N = 305PD-(L)1 mono N = 590PD-(L)1 combo N = 64PD-(L1) mono N = 194Female, %57.058.040.639.7Age, mean (SD), years68.0 (8.9)70.3 (8.5)68.3 (7.6)71.8 (8.2)Event, N1242622390Median OS (95% CI), months20.6 (15.9, 26.9)19.8 (17.6, 24.4)18.9 (14.1, NE)15.0 (11.6, 17.2)OS rate (95% CI), %At 12 months64.9 (58.9, 71.5)64.2 (59.8, 68.9)71.3 (59.2, 86.0)57.8 (49.8, 67.1)At 24 months45.4 (38.6,53.3)45.9 (41.1,51.2)44.6 (30.3, 65.6)30.6 (22.9,41.0)At 36 months33.1 (25.7,42.6)33.1 (28.3, 38.8)NE (NE, NE)19.4 (12.6, 30.0) Open table in a new tab Updated OS data from this nationally representative patient cohort with advanced NSCLC in Sweden are generally in alignment with OS results reported from PD-(L)1 inhibitor clinical trials, supporting the benefit of PD-(L)1 inhibitors as frontline therapy in clinical practice.